Heating a house without a pump. Two time-tested options

Heating a house 100 m²

Really, honestly, really

Heating a house 100 m² Attention. This cost is a preliminary estimate; these prices should only be used as approximate prices. The exact cost of the work is calculated after an engineer visits the work site, its complexity, and quantity.

Cost of materials from 120,000 rubles

Included by type of work

House heating

Design features

For a gravity system to work effectively, the following requirements must be met:

• the heat source is any non-volatile heat generator with outlet pipes with a diameter of 40-50 mm;
• at the outlet of a boiler or stove with a water circuit, an accelerating riser is immediately installed - a vertical pipe through which the heated coolant rises;
• the riser ends with an open-type expansion tank installed in the attic or under the ceiling of the upper floor (depending on the type of wiring and the design of the private house);
• tank capacity – 10% of the coolant volume;
• by gravity, it is advisable to choose heating devices with large internal channels - cast iron, aluminum, bimetallic;
• for better heat transfer, heating radiators are connected according to a versatile pattern - bottom or diagonal;
• special full-bore valves with thermal heads (supply) and balancing valves (return) are installed on the radiator connections;
• It is better to equip batteries with manual air vents - Mayevsky taps;
• replenishment of the heating network is organized at the lowest point - near the boiler;
• all horizontal sections of pipes are laid with slopes, the minimum is 2 mm per linear meter, the average is 5 mm/1 m.

On the left in the photo is the coolant supply riser from a floor-standing boiler with a pump on the bypass, on the right is the return line connection

Note. Slopes perform 2 functions - they help the coolant flow in the desired direction, and the air rises through the pipelines and leaves through the open expansion tank. A caveat regarding the radiators used: if the system is built correctly, steel panels also heat well.

Gravity heating systems are made open and operated at atmospheric pressure. But will gravity flow work in a closed circuit with a membrane tank? We answer: yes, natural circulation will continue, but the speed of the coolant will decrease and efficiency will drop.

It is not difficult to substantiate the answer; it is enough to mention the change in the physical properties of liquids under excess pressure. With a pressure in the system of 1.5 Bar, the boiling point of water will shift to 110 °C, and its density will also increase. The circulation will slow down due to the small difference in the masses of the hot and cooled flow.

Simplified gravity flow diagrams with an open and membrane expansion tank

Installation of water supply heating systems Klin, Klinsky district

Heating cost calculation

The cost of repairing heating systems

Cost of installation of water supply

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Which scheme is better, forced or natural?

A natural system is better if you need to organize heating for a small one-story private house. In this case, there is no point in spending money on pumping equipment when the natural coolant current will be sufficient to heat the entire building.

Forced circulation circuits are best used in large one-story or multi-story buildings. Thanks to the rapid movement of the coolant in the network, buildings of significant size will be heated well and evenly. Natural circulation circuits will not cope with this task.

Requirements for arrangement and operation

When installing heat supply to a home, it is important to take into account a number of features of an open heating system:

1. To ensure normal circulation, the boiler is installed at the lowest point in the line, and the expansion tank at the highest point.
2. The optimal place to place the expansion tank is the attic. During the cold season, the container and supply riser within the unheated attic must be insulated.
3. The laying of the main line is carried out with a minimum number of turns, connecting and fitting parts.
4. In a gravity heating system, water circulates slowly (0.1-0.3 m/s), so heating should occur gradually. Do not allow it to boil - this accelerates the wear of radiators and pipes.
5. If the heating system is not used in winter, the liquid must be drained - this measure will keep the pipes, radiators and boiler intact.
6. The coolant level in the expansion tank must be monitored and periodically replenished. Otherwise, air pockets will appear in the line, reducing the efficiency of the radiators.
7. Water is the optimal coolant. Antifreeze is toxic and is not recommended for use in systems that have free contact with the atmosphere. Its use is advisable if it is not possible to drain the coolant during an unheated period.

Particular attention is paid to calculating the cross-section and slope of the pipeline. Design standards are regulated by SNiP number 2.04.01-85.

In circuits with gravitational movement of the coolant, the cross-sectional size of the pipe is larger than in pumping circuits, but the total length of the pipeline is almost two times less. The slope of the horizontal sections of the system, equal to 2 - 3 mm per linear meter, is suitable only when installing heat supply with natural movement of the coolant.

Failure to comply with the slope when installing systems with natural movement of coolant leads to airing of the pipes and insufficient heating of radiators distant from the boiler. As a result, thermal efficiency decreases

Boiler design without electricity

The gas boiler, independent of electricity, has:

• 2 gas burners – pilot and main;
• Combustion chamber - in such devices it is open for better traction;
• Automation;
• Boiler safety system - temperature sensor, backdraft valve (it is needed to regulate the operation of the chimney);
• Heat exchanger.

The system of a non-volatile gas boiler must have an open expansion tank, since when the coolant heats up, the liquid expands. And this is what promotes coolant circulation. But during expansion, excess is formed, which enters this tank.

Ignition in such gas boilers occurs using a piezoelectric element, which operates when a button is pressed. With its help, the pilot burner is ignited, and from it the main gas burner is ignited, thanks to which the heat exchanger is heated and the desired temperature of the liquid is maintained.

After some time, the gas does not flow and the burner goes out, after the heat exchanger has cooled down the process repeats.

How does a heating system without a pump work - options and device options

To make it possible to live in a built house outside the city regardless of the time of year, it needs high-quality heating. Among the wide variety of devices for heating a room, it is sometimes difficult to decide what exactly is needed in different life situations. One of the simplified options that can be equipped on your own is a heating system without a pump, in other words, with a real type of coolant circulation. In fact, we will talk about this type of heat supply further in the material.