Gas burner for a stove: operating principle of stove burners, types, how to choose

A gas-powered sauna stove is undoubtedly the most economical option for heating a steam room. This type of fuel is much cheaper than firewood or coal; it does not need to be prepared and stored in specially adapted premises. Therefore, more and more of our compatriots are deciding to install a gas burner in an already operating solid fuel stove. This is much more profitable than buying a new heating device for a bath or sauna.

In this article you will learn how to choose the right gas burners for sauna stoves. We will tell you what to look for when purchasing such devices, and introduce you to several of the highest quality and practical models from.

Modernization of heating equipment

You cannot objectively judge the quality of the purchased injector.
Do not disassemble the finished product in search of possible defects. So there is a chance to damage rather than check an expensive device. By assembling each element of the burner yourself, you will receive not only pleasant satisfaction from the work done, but also savings. At the same time, the operation and repair of gas bath equipment will become safe and conscious.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QvYJGR89Uhw

The heating gas unit is a sauna stove body with a gas supply device located in it. Here are the main elements of the control mechanism with which the fuel supply is regulated.

The burner heats the air in the firebox. The thermal energy of the nozzle is transferred through the body to the tray with stones

The advantages of heating water and sauna stones with a gas burner include:

Simplicity of the workflow. To heat up, just turn the valve and ignite the gas in the burner. In an hour, the steam room of the bathhouse will be sufficiently heated.
Environmentally friendly. During operation of a gas device, harmful emissions during gas combustion have the smallest volume compared to other types of fuel.
Ease of maintenance of the burner and the stove itself. There is no need to deal with soot from walls and remove waste, as with coal or firewood.

You can equip the oven with special sensors that are triggered at a critically low exhaust speed. In this case, the gas supply is automatically turned off.

Inexpensive fuel from a gasified stove allows you to not limit the number of bath procedures. Even with daily heating of the bathhouse, maintaining cleanliness becomes very easy

Such a disadvantage of a homemade burner, such as additional registration of technical permits, pays off due to high productivity. Using a gas injector will save 30% costs compared to solid fuels. Heating a sauna with gas is two times cheaper than using an electric boiler.

Before you begin assembling the burner parts, it is better to have a drawn diagram on hand for convenience.

Self-production technology provides for the following sequence:

the base of the device, the nozzle, is made using a grinder;
the fuel dispenser is assembled from a valve and a steel cap screwed onto it;
a cap is welded to the nozzle, then a piezoelectric element is installed.

Any home craftsman can install a homemade atmospheric gas burner for a sauna stove. So, without any special costs, a solid fuel boiler can be converted into a gas one.

Equipping an existing solid fuel stove in a sauna with a factory-made gas burner unit will require some adjustment. You will be faced with the need to modify the dimensions of both the burner and the combustion chamber of the wood-burning stove.

Converting a solid fuel sauna stove into a combined gas and wood stove is within your power, but it will require precision and some effort. Do not allow the flame to come into contact with the walls of the firebox

To heat the combustion chamber evenly, the burner should be positioned closer to the bottom of the stove and strictly in the center. It is unacceptable to place the source high and offset in any direction. In this case, the camera will not warm up completely. And the flame from the burner can touch metal parts or the heater of the sauna stove.

Safety rules when using burners

Failure to comply with precautions when installing and using gas burners for heating premises can lead to emergency situations and accidents: fire in the house, carbon monoxide poisoning.

When operating gas equipment, you should adhere to the following rules:

Observe the service life. The burner's service life, depending on the model, can range from 8 to 15 years. Then it must be replaced.
Use models with a function that automatically turns off the device in the absence of draft or flame.
A stove equipped with gas burner units must meet safety requirements.

The design, installation or repair of a gas burner must be carried out by certified gas service workers, with whom an agreement has been concluded for the supply of fuel and maintenance of the units.

If possible, it is still necessary to use gas boilers or special furnaces that are designed to work with natural or liquefied gas

To obtain permission to install and connect to the main gas network, a number of conditions must be met:

compliance with the rules for connecting a gas burner;
appropriate design of the smoke channel, its high-quality insulation;
installing a spark arrester at the top of the chimney.

This is the minimum requirement for installing forced-air gas burners.

For atmospheric there are additional requirements:

presence of adjustable traction;
ensuring good ventilation;
the volume of the room in which the gas burner is installed is from 12 m3.

If equipment is converted to use liquefied gas, it is necessary to ensure safe storage of the gas cylinder. This can be a separate room or a metal cabinet. If you plan to store gas reserves in a gas tank, then the tank is installed underground at a distance of no closer than 5 m from the building.

Atmospheric and forced-air burner

The atmospheric burner is distinguished by its simplicity of design. The air needed to form the mixture is taken from the room where the stove is located through natural means. For the system to function, a complex automatic component is not required. The burner is non-volatile. The diagram is in the photo below.

The disadvantages of atmospheric burners include only compliance with air circulation requirements, namely, the presence of a sufficient amount of oxygen in it. New models are already equipped with special sensors that stop the supply of the gas component if the oxygen level is too low.

For normal operation of a gas burner installation, good draft is necessary. Its power is low, so this type of burner is more suitable for small water heating columns. The combustion process depends on the height of the fuel pressure in the gas main and the rate of its combustion. An atmospheric burner is suitable for a sauna stove if the room has good ventilation and a square area of 12 m2 or more. In addition, it should only run on gas.

A block (or pressurized) gas burner is a more complex design that requires automatic control. Air is forced into the combustion chamber. To create the necessary pressure and regulate the pressure of the flame, a fan is used. Similar systems are installed for household stoves or bathhouses.

Air is pumped from the street. The design does not require significant oxygen control. The control unit provides complete control of the combustion process. In an emergency, the gas supply is stopped (pressure drop in the gas main, fire extinguishing, power supply cutoff).

For a home bath you will need a high-temperature burner with a power of 35-100 kW. If the stove is installed in a house, gas must be supplied at a pressure of 2 kPa through a half-inch pipe. This will give 115-350 kW. Calculations are made based on the proportion of 1 kW per 10 m 2. Pressurized gas burners can be combined or gas.

Pulse burner design

It has a higher efficiency compared to natural ones, is more efficient and complex in design. The fuel burner consists mainly of seven elements:

Fuel pump, it supplies the boiler with fuel from the tank (liquid fuel) and is equipped with a pressure regulator that returns the excess fuel required for combustion.
The fan provides the combustion process with the air necessary to burn the fuel.
A solenoid valve is a valve that operates automatically. It is used to supply a jet of fuel in sufficient quantity for combustion.
The nozzles are the central part of the burner. The nozzle allows the fuel to be atomized very finely to promote thorough mixing with air to form a fuel-air mixture for combustion.
A fuel heater, it allows the liquid fuel contained in the tank to be made less viscous to aid combustion. This initial viscosity is related to the storage temperature in the tank as well as the specific characteristics of the fuel.
Electrodes, they allow you to ignite the gas-air mixture to create the desired flame.
The combustion head, which consists of two elements. The tip that directs the flame and the reflector that holds the flame in the stove.

The burner operating mode can be divided sequentially into stages:

Pre-ignition. Turning on the fan, which allows the engine to run.
Ignition. Opening of the solenoid valve, which directs fuel to the nozzle.
Ignition. A spark is created to maintain a stable combustion flame.
Operating mode. Turn off the igniter after the flame has stabilized.
Stop. Closing the solenoid valve, turning off the burner and after 15 - 20 minutes of ventilation of the firebox in order to free the combustion space from explosive mixtures, turning off the fan.

DIY gas burner

Manufacturing does not require expensive components or complex tools. A camping gas burner or a simple soldering iron for the garage can be made in less than an hour if you have the necessary materials. Let us describe the main nuances that will be encountered in this work:

It is better to make the body and divider from steel.
As a basis, you can take a piece of pipe with a diameter of 40 mm.
We make a new fitting on the machine or adapt a part from an old fire extinguisher.
We select a smaller pipe for the inner part, cut off the blank and weld the fitting.
We weld the other side of the pipe and drill a hole for the propane outlet.
We select the diameter of the outlet hole experimentally, starting from 0.9 mm.
If there is not enough gas supply, the hole should be drilled.
We connect the gas burner only through a reducer.

DIY options

Often, a homemade gas heating unit is made from an old empty cylinder, which is first filled with water to remove any remaining fuel. To assemble a metal heat generator with your own hands, use ready-made drawings.

Materials and tools:

empty gas cylinder. You can buy a new cylinder or find a used one at a scrap metal collection point,
used wheels from trucks and cars, they are selected depending on the expected power of gas-fuel heating equipment,
metal pipes. For gas and air supply, a model with a cross section of 2 cm is used; for the construction of a chimney, a pipe with a diameter of 4 cm is suitable,
atmospheric burner,
Bulgarian,
drill with appropriate attachments,
welding machine.

Sequence of work:

Using a grinder, cut a hole in the upper part of the cylinder to fit the dimensions of the wheel rim.
The disk is inserted into the hole and welded using a welding machine.
The air supply structure is made from a pipe d2 cm by drilling 9-11 holes with a diameter of 5 mm on the surface.
A hole d50 mm is drilled in the lower part of the cylinder, a pipe is inserted so that on one side it protrudes 15-20 cm. The seams are sealed by welding.
The gas pipe is welded in a similar way, the free end is equipped with an adapter for connection.
A chimney is installed in the upper part of the structure.

At the end, the firebox door is made from a steel plate, a hole is cut out from the side of the homemade structure for it and installed on the hinges.

Hand-drawn diagram of a homemade gas burner for a sauna stove

What types of gas ovens are there?

Gas stoves are used to heat households and country houses, but such devices have gained the greatest popularity in the construction of bathhouses. Most often, for this case, they buy factory-made units that have a metal body. In this case, you need to choose the right model in terms of power and purpose, taking into account the operating conditions. Brick ovens are also being built.

Based on the method of generating heat, furnaces can be divided into two types:

Having a combustion chamber. The gas enters the heating chamber and, when burned, heats its walls.
Furnace with heat exchanger. In the designs of these heating units, gas enters a curved, heat-resistant steel tube, which acts as a heat exchanger.

In the second case, the furnaces are additionally equipped with a system of forced air supply and exhaust of combustion products.

Gas furnaces are distinguished by heat capacity. This indicator depends on the ability of the unit to accumulate heat.

According to this parameter, furnaces are divided into the following categories:

Constant burning stoves. They have thinner walls that cool quickly enough. However, there is a significant plus - they warm up the room just as quickly, releasing heat outside. In order to maintain a constant comfortable temperature in the room, the stove must be in the “on” mode. This is a typical country house option. You can come and immediately warm up.
Intermittent furnace. This is a massive heat-intensive structure that is capable of giving off heat even after the gas is turned off. In order to retain heat, the channels and combustion chamber are lined with clay bricks. It is very convenient to install such stoves in baths. They will warm up the stones in a short time and begin to give off heat for a long time. For heating households, this option is also more acceptable.

Stove gas burners, which are installed in the stove of a household or a country house, are similar to each other. Like a gas burner for a boiler, it has a combustion chamber (heat exchanger), a housing, a smoke exhaust system, channels for heated air and an automatic unit.

However, there is one obligatory part that has its own characteristics in each case - a gas burner for the stove. It is she who is responsible for the efficiency of the heating unit, power characteristics, economical fuel consumption, safe operation and other important parameters.

Single-stage atmospheric gas burners for a home stove are not difficult to use, they are easy to install in a heating unit. They don't need electrical power. This burner is placed on the front side, where the combustion door is located.

If a gas burner is considered from the point of view of the method of controlling thermal power, then all models can be divided into the following categories:

Single stage. In this case, gas supply (switching off) occurs automatically, based on a rheostat signal.
Two-stage. The burner has the design ability to switch to an economical mode. This process is regulated automatically.
Burners with floating adjustment. The burner power can be changed smoothly, from 10 to 100 percent.

Burners are divided according to the method of air supply:

Atmospheric. In this option, no electricity is needed; air flows to the burner under the natural action of draft. The efficiency is not very high, no more than 90 percent. This is a simple design: a pipe with holes into which fuel is supplied. It works in open combustion chambers. They can be quickly converted, if necessary, to use liquid fuel; the service life of such burners is very long. However, such burners impose increased safety requirements.
Supercharged. They are also called blower or fan burners. This is a rather complex design. Air is supplied to the burner by a fan; in this case, the combustion chamber is closed. Efficiency exceeds 95 percent. Stoves with such burners do not require bulky chimneys. At the same time, the furnace operates stably even at low gas pressure. However, they produce a lot of noise and are volatile.
Diffuse-kinetic. The air is partially pumped into the combustion chamber, the rest is supplied directly to the flame.

Installation of a gas burner in a heating furnace

We remind you that it is prohibited to install gas equipment yourself. However, it won’t hurt to familiarize yourself with the nuances of installing a gas burner in a stove.

So, installation of a gas burner is permissible in furnaces in which the length, shape, nature and temperature of the flame can be adapted to the nature of the material of the combustion chamber. The flame should not touch the walls, but should be freely located in the combustion space. If it is a brick wall, then the firebox should be made of refractory bricks.

Before installation, check the walls of the stove for cracks, voids, and unsealed seams through which combustion products can enter the room. The room into which the firebox door opens must have an opening window, a ventilation duct and a gap in the door for air to enter from below.

Gas burners of any type are characterized by the creation of high temperatures - more than 1000 °C in the combustion chamber. When installing a gas burner in the oven, you must ensure that the flame does not touch the walls.

The installation process itself is not complicated and is carried out in the following sequence:

Remove the firebox door.
A burner is placed in the combustion chamber.
The shield is secured in the door frame.
Connect the automation according to the manufacturer's instructions.

At the end of installation, connect the burner to a hose, the other end of which is connected to a gas source.

Installing a burner using the example of an AGG gas burner device: the stage of installing a gas burner block in a furnace with dismantling the ash pan

The system is launched by a master from the gas service, he checks the operation of the nozzles, the automatic control and safety systems, configures and tests the response of the sensors.

Installation of a gas burner in an industrial furnace using the example of an AGG gas burner device. Connecting automation, placing the remote control and thermal cylinder

Another step is to check the tightness of all connections and the presence of traction. After successful startup of the system, the gas installer must issue a completed control certificate for the installation of the burner.

When starting the heating, you should first select the minimum thermal power, heating the stove continuously and little by little or, if there is no power adjustment, cyclically, turning the burner on and off. This is especially important for a brick kiln - strong continuous heating of a cooled brick can lead to cracking.

The most efficient devices of 2018

The most efficient certified boilers and gas burners this year:

Bosch Greenstar series. The boiler is small, very quiet, environmentally friendly and uses economical condensing technology providing an AFUE rating of 95%. Greenstar is available in two models - combi for spatial and point-less water heating or space heating, which can be used with domestic hot water tanks. It is equipped with a heat exchanger with a 5-year warranty.
Bradford White Brute Elite Series. The boiler with 95% efficiency has a condensing multi-pass stainless steel heat exchanger with an advanced modulation system. Innovative design features make Brute Elite easy to install in both new and existing heating systems.
Bradford White Brute Elite 125 Series. Customizable combi based heating only models are 95% efficient with a combi unit providing heating and hot water from one unit. Requires only one gas connection, one ventilation system and built-in expansion tank and boiler pump, and is easily accessible for repairs.
Buderus GB142 series. Condensing gas boiler. Using state-of-the-art condensing technology with 95% AFUE, the Boer Buderus GB142 wall-mounted condenser maximizes the heating value of every m3 of natural gas or liquefied propane.
Boiler Alpine Series. This is a natural or liquefied gas condensing hot water boiler with a stainless steel heat exchanger. Equipped with Sage2 boiler control system. 1 TM, which supports multiple firing speeds, is also equipped with an external reset and a touch interface.
Carrier BMW Performance Series. 95% AFUE. Stainless steel. The modulating condensing boiler is equipped with a unique vertically oriented stainless steel heat exchanger, 5 to 1 ratio, compact design with light weight, compact wall mounting, primary and secondary piping, with a 15-year warranty.

Having familiarized yourself with the design and operating principle of gas burners and popular models, you can easily choose exactly what suits your needs.

Types of burners

According to their design and functional differences, burner devices are divided into:

By purpose:

for high power industrial equipment
for household equipment.

By type of fuel used:

devices for natural gas;
devices for liquefied gas;
universal devices.

By adjusting the flame:

single-stage – capable of operating on/off;
two-stage (as a variation - models with smooth modulation) - operate at full power, when the desired temperature is reached, the flame is reduced by half;
modulating - boilers with a modulating burner are characterized by smooth adjustment of the flame power.

According to the principle of operation:

injection/atmospheric. They operate by supplying air from the room. They are installed respectively in open combustion chambers. Also used for old-style boiler models.
fan/supercharged. They work in isolated combustion chambers. Combustion air is supplied by a fan. According to their design features, they are divided into: - vortex (round-shaped nozzle holes) - direct-flow (shape of a narrow slot with a round/rectangular cross-section).
diffuse-kenetic. Air enters two simultaneously: one is mixed with gas fuel, the second is added directly to the chamber during combustion.

How to choose?

What you need to pay attention to when choosing a burner device for a boiler:

- productive power - noise level during operation (applies to supercharged models) - type of heating equipment for which the burner is purchased - type of fuel - pros and cons of this device - provide for possible malfunctions in the operation of the local gas supply line.

Taking these factors into account, you can choose the most suitable burner device for your boiler so that it operates as efficiently as possible without the burden of frequent preventative maintenance.

Burners for atmospheric boilers and manual gas burners

Operation due to the natural flow of oxygen ensures complete combustion of fuel; combustion products are removed through a conventional chimney. The operation of the equipment has been simplified with the use of atmospheric type devices and special gas burner nozzles.

Note! The only condition for the device to operate on oxygen taken from a heated room is excellent supply ventilation.

Important advantages of boilers with atmospheric gas burners:

independence from power sources, which is important when working in rooms without electricity; high reliability (no complex components requiring frequent repairs); low noise threshold; structural simplicity; affordable price.

Note! Information for those who are interested in how much a simple gas burner costs - its price starts from 250 rubles. And the cost of the Ugop-P-16 “Ugolyok” gas burner, for example, is approximately 1000 rubles. A hand-held gas torch with a cylinder is popular among people performing repairs.

The disadvantages of atmospheric units include:

the need for a full-fledged chimney that removes smoke and fuel suspension to the outside;
relatively low efficiency (compared to modernized samples);
the likelihood of incomplete combustion of fuel due to lack of oxygen;
difficulty adapting to other heat sources;
the need to install fresh ventilation or a small window.

On a note! Burners with electronic ignition require a high-voltage converter operating from the mains. This distinguishes them from such simple devices as manual gas burners.

General rules for installing a chimney for a stove

Another condition for the normal operation of a gas stove is the installation of a chimney. For gas-fired stoves, smoke channels must be vertical, without ledges. The design of the chimney of a wood-burning stove is often not suitable for the removal of gas combustion products.

The slope of the chimney is allowed, but not more than 30°, and provided that the cross-section of pipes on inclined sections is not less than the cross-section of pipes installed vertically

You can refurbish an old chimney by lining it. Upgrade options:

Installation of a stainless steel pipe in the chimney duct. In this case, the diameter and height of the pipe should be selected according to the characteristics of the chimney duct. The gap between the walls of the chimney and the pipe is filled with non-flammable heat-insulating material such as expanded clay or foam glass.
Application of FuranFlex technology. The method involves placing an elastic polymer tube inside the channel, which, under pressure, takes its shape and hardens. The protective layer serves to insulate, seal and internally protect the chimney.

If none of the chimney modification options work, you will have to install a new one. Depending on the location of the stove, two options for installing a chimney are possible: an external attached one or an internal one.

The influence of the characteristics of the chimney on the safety of heating is such that it will necessarily be checked by the Fire Inspection authorities with the subsequent issuance of a written certificate, without which the equipment will not be connected to gas networks.

Combustion process in a boiler

The chemical reaction inside the boiler is a combustion reaction between oxygen (O2) in the air and hydrocarbons (CHyOx) in the fuel, which release energy as heat. During the combustion process, water vapor (H2O) and carbon dioxide (CO2) are formed, the latter being especially dangerous in terms of air pollution and global warming.

Other combustion products of injector gas may also appear depending on the type of fuel and combustion conditions: oxides of nitrogen (NOx) or sulfur (SOx), which are responsible for acid rain. Carbon monoxide (CO), a dangerous toxic substance, can cause death if inhaled.

Correct adjustment of the device reduces the amount of harmful combustion products. CO2 emissions are reduced when the gas is completely burned. In order to reduce NOx emissions, it is recommended to use the correct combustion technology, which is ensured by the design of the burner device.

Equipment setup

Floor-standing gas boilers with an atmospheric burner can be configured independently. Pressurized systems are regulated by an automatic control unit and do not require additional configuration.

Scheme of actions for setting up single-stage equipment:

Install the device on the boiler.
Connect to the gas pipe.
Check for absolute tightness.
Remove the burner housing.
Using a pressure gauge, measure the gas pressure at the inlet.
Connect to electricity. Make sure that the jumpers and phases are connected correctly.
Place a gas analyzer in the chimney pipe.
Start the device.
Using a pressure gauge, take pressure readings at the outlet of the burner block. Pressure readings must correspond to the parameters indicated in the data sheet.
Adjust the air flow using the air damper.
The gas analyzer readings must also comply with all gas equipment installation standards.

Setting up gas equipment should be carried out by specialists. The simplest open-type boilers can be configured independently if you have certain skills and knowledge of the design of the burner unit. The efficiency of the boiler, its level of efficiency, and fuel consumption depend on the quality of the burner. It is possible to superficially determine that the equipment is malfunctioning by the changed burner flame.

A heating system where the main element is a gas stove is a common type of heating for private households and cottages. There are many things in favor of natural gas as a heat source: high efficiency, environmental friendliness, and the ability to make the heating process fully automated. The fuel itself is also the most inexpensive at present, unless, of course, you take into account wind energy and solar radiation. But these methods have not yet found wide demand due to the unaffordable price of the equipment.

The quality of gas heating depends on how efficiently the gas burner for the stove works.

Trouble-shooting

Having a boiler at home brings many advantages, but it also has a number of disadvantages, and the user does not always know what to do correctly. Boiler faults are common to many types. It is important to promptly determine the cause of these faults before calling emergency services. List of the most common and most likely faults.

First of all, if the boiler does not start, you need to check the circuit components:

network voltage;
faulty boiler fan switch or motor;
damaged boiler cables;
false triggering contacts of automation or commissioning equipment;
availability of water, whether the gas boiler is powered to the minimum required level specified by the equipment manufacturer.

If the boiler failure is not caused by any of these problems, the following procedure:

Pay attention to the noises made by the boiler, because they are often the first witnesses of destruction. They can also be due to hot water trapped inside the firebox or due to the presence of air in the heating system due to clogged air ducts.
Pipe rupture. It usually occurs due to problems with a jammed boiler feed valve, various scale-forming deposits in the boiler, or a malfunction of the condensate drainage systems.
Failures due to exceeding the pressure and temperature readings, their corresponding sensors can trigger, for example, due to a broken thermometer or, conversely, which is especially dangerous as a result of real overheating of the boiler.
The heating circuits are not working, possibly due to poor quality of feed water and scale formation in the boiler pipes.
A problem occurs with the burner (flame breaks, gas accumulation causes detonation and explosion).

For some of these problems, mainly pressure or temperature, the boiler monitor displays an error message, then the system shuts down and automatically restarts. If the problem persists after restarting, it is best to call a professional to troubleshoot the problem. It should be noted, however, that most of these failures can be avoided.

The best prevention is to have your boiler inspected, maintained and cleaned annually, usually by a professional. This will prevent the pipes from clogging and bursting. Prevention is better than restoration, and a simple annual inspection will protect the equipment and the health of users from possible emergency situations.

Purpose and advantages of nozzles

Gas burners (or nozzles) are designed to operate the stove on gas. Like other similar devices, the nozzle mixes fuel - natural or liquefied gas with air. As a result, the temperature in the oven increases.

Most often, such gas products are installed in baths, where high temperatures are required for a long time. However, nothing prevents you from installing a nozzle in your home in order to save yourself from the usual methods of kindling. In addition, such products have a number of significant advantages:

Safety. Since such products work with explosive material, they are subject to strict requirements regarding reliability. You can verify this by reading the quality certificate.
Availability of automation. Most gas products are equipped with automatic temperature control, which provides not only economical fuel consumption, but also protection from overheating or explosion of the furnace.
Economical. As you know, gas is much cheaper than the cost of firewood, coal or electricity.
Variety of fuels used. Many devices can operate on natural or liquefied gas.
Ease of operation. The operation of gas devices for furnaces does not require any specific skills. In addition, some models can be operated from a special remote control.
Ergonomics. Storing coal, firewood or other flammable materials requires a lot of space. The supply of fuel to the injector comes from the gas column.

Ignition type

All burners can be divided according to the type of ignition:

Electronic type . They do not have a constantly working igniter. Requires electricity to operate. Electric ignition is one of the most convenient inventions for modern heating units. Thanks to him, the operation of the stoves has become as comfortable as possible. Electric ignition makes it possible to light the burner flame safely, without using available wicks or lighters.
Burners with piezo ignition . No electricity needed.

Sometimes special working conditions are required, for example, burners are placed in a sauna stove, which must distribute the flame well. These are dividers or ordinary distribution tubes. This is how kitchen gas ovens work.

The fuel consumption passing through the burner can vary widely and depend on its design.

Gas burners for your furnace should be safe and energy efficient. This can be achieved if all technical requirements are met. Self-indulgence in this matter can only do harm. Therefore, the installation of gas burners must be carried out by specialists.

Choosing a gas burner: what should you pay attention to?

From the above review, it becomes clear that there is a wide variety of gas burners, both in design and in their area of use. The choice is very large and the question arises: how to choose a burner and not make a mistake?

If you decide to purchase a gas burner for a sauna stove, you should focus on several criteria and the main thing, of course, is power. The stove must be able to perform its direct function - to heat and maintain the set temperature in the steam room.

It is generally accepted that one kilowatt of power is needed per cubic meter of steam room. At first glance, it seems that there is nothing complicated about this. However, the approach only works in rooms with thermal insulation correctly performed according to all technical standards.

In fact, it turns out that there are areas in the bathhouse that allow heat to pass through. They also need to be taken into account. The window is one of the main sources of heat loss. For a square meter of a single-pane window, 3 kW of power is required and 1.5 kW for a double-glazed window.

Brick or tiled sections of the bathhouse will require an additional 1.2 kW to be added to the furnace power.

Log walls have a high heat capacity. A log bathhouse without internal thermal insulation will require an increase in power by one and a half times.

The result can be quite a lot of power. When choosing a burner, you need to focus on its technical characteristics. The resulting power value must be within the range of values specified in the passport.

Difficulties may also arise when choosing a heating system for your home. The market offers electric boilers, solid fuel and gas boilers, as well as GII infrared burners.

Each of the listed options has its own advantages and disadvantages. It is necessary to focus on the tasks that this equipment must perform.

For example, to warm up large rooms with poor thermal insulation, infrared heaters supplied with gas from a household cylinder are best suited, since they heat the surface, not the air.

Electric boilers are small, compact, silent, can operate autonomously and last a long time. Gas boilers with gas burner automation are the most efficient and economical. In addition, this fuel is the cheapest.

The most important thing when choosing is to focus on proven boiler models, as well as reliable stores. After all, no one is safe from buying a fake.

Technology for making homemade metal gas burners

To make a gas burner for an atmospheric sauna stove with your own hands, you can use available materials in the form of scraps of metal pipes and suitable elements from old equipment.

Tools, devices and materials:

Bulgarian,
welding machine,
steel tube with a wall thickness of 2 mm and a length of 100 mm,
valve - to regulate the fuel supply,
steel cap - a blowtorch jet is suitable,
piezoelectric element,
rubber for handle.

When preparing the material base for a homemade gas injector, the peculiarities of connecting the elements are taken into account. For example, the standard VK-74 valve provides a cap with a conical thread.

Stages of work:

to make a fuel dispenser, a steel cap is screwed onto the valve,
using a grinder, the base of the device is made from a steel pipe - a nozzle,
the nozzle is welded to the cap,
The design is equipped with a piezoelectric element.

When planning to make a gas burner with your own hands, it is worth considering that the regulations provide for mandatory testing of the quality of the product at the local office of Rostekhnadzor and obtaining a certificate of fitness for use.

Operating principle and differences of gas equipment

By assembling each element of the burner yourself, you will receive not only pleasant satisfaction from the work done, but also savings. At the same time, the operation and repair of gas bath equipment will become safe and conscious.

The heating gas unit is a sauna stove body with a gas supply device located in it. Here are the main elements of the control mechanism with which the fuel supply is regulated.

The burner heats the air in the firebox. The thermal energy of the nozzle is transferred through the body to the tray with stones

A heating stove with a gas nozzle requires special attention to the chimney, which must be cleaned periodically.

The advantages of heating water and sauna stones with a gas burner include:

Simplicity of the workflow. To heat up, just turn the valve and ignite the gas in the burner. In an hour, the steam room of the bathhouse will be sufficiently heated.
Environmentally friendly. During operation of a gas device, harmful emissions during gas combustion have the smallest volume compared to other types of fuel.
Ease of maintenance of the burner and the stove itself. There is no need to deal with soot from walls and remove waste, as with coal or firewood.

You can equip the oven with special sensors that are triggered at a critically low exhaust speed. In this case, the gas supply is automatically turned off.

Inexpensive fuel from a gasified stove allows you to not limit the number of bath procedures. Even with daily heating of the bathhouse, maintaining cleanliness becomes very easy

Advantages and disadvantages

Using burner equipment already has the advantage that you no longer have to spend a lot of time igniting the furnace itself. The combustion process will be initiated as quickly as possible and will not require any special effort. You just need to unscrew the valve and put the system into operation. But it is also worth noting that gas fuel is significantly cheaper than heating with wood, coal, electricity or diesel.

Even taking into account the gradual convergence of prices, the opportunity to save space on fuel storage is very attractive.

It is also worth noting that the devices are quite safe in terms of fire. The designers did not stand still, but continuously solved the problems of fire protection with the means available to them. In addition, natural gas burns at a lower temperature than coal or other fuels. Therefore, the chimney will become less hot. However, in just 60-90 minutes the room will be completely heated.

Other differences

Let's consider the division of gas burners by type of ignition. The simplest option is with a burning igniter (wick). When the automation is triggered, the wick ignites the gas and the boiler begins to heat the coolant. There are two disadvantages here - increased gas consumption and low safety (the igniter may go out). Primary ignition is carried out with matches or using a piezoelectric element that produces a spark.

Natural gas from the mains provides even combustion without forming excessive soot on the walls of the chimney pipe.

Electronic ignition of the burner requires the presence of a high-voltage converter in the gas boiler. Energy is taken from batteries or the electrical network. The first option is used in non-volatile boilers that do not have electronic automation. The second option is relevant for complex units with electronics on board. Along with such ignition, modules for ionization control of the presence of flame are often installed.

There is also a division according to the type of fuel used. Natural gas supplied from the pipeline is cleaner, it is supplied at optimal pressure (we do not consider cases of pressure surges in both directions). The flame in the boiler is clean, without soot. The equipment is connected to the network without modifications. There are burners that can operate on propane - this requires setting up the system and installing a jet. The flame from propane combustion gives off a yellow color, and there is increased soot deposits on the chimney.

Jets allow you to normalize the propane pressure to an acceptable value - they are supplied as a set or purchased separately.

Burner design and its types

All heating boilers differ from each other in the type of fuel they use. The most affordable, of course, is gas. This type of fuel is the most common and produces the least combustion waste. At the same time, the efficiency level is quite high.

A standard gas burner is the main element in the heating system, which supplies and ignites fuel in a gas boiler. We will talk in detail about the design and principle of operation of the burner further.

How does a gas burner work and work?

The gas burner is designed to supply a combustible mixture along with air, then these components are mixed in the combustion chamber. The further process is to maintain even combustion of the fuel.

The principle of operation is supposed to be divided into the following stages:

So, first, all the necessary components of the combustible mixture undergo a preparatory process. They gain a certain speed, temperature and the desired direction of particle movement. Next, the fuel is combined with air and enters the fuel combustion chamber. After this, it ignites.

Device classification

The industry produces a very large number of gas injectors of various types, purposes and designs, which are strictly classified by type of fuel and method of air supply. Air supply classification:

Atmospheric burners are burners in which air is supplied naturally; it is captured in a Venturi tube by a gas stream using the principle of an injector.
Forced air or pulse burners are equipped with a fan that provides air flow for combustion of the air-fuel mixture and removal of products resulting from fuel combustion.

The gas burner for the stove in the house is divided by type of fuel:

Gas for burning gaseous fuel.
Burner for burning liquid fuel.

Which burner is better to choose?

When you think about converting your stove to use gas fuel, you will sooner or later be faced with the issue of selecting the most suitable burner for this purpose.

The following alternatives exist:

Atmospheric or supercharged.
Owners of large baths and saunas increasingly prefer more expensive but convenient forced-air burners. Their important advantage is that they require a minimum of attention and personal participation from the user, working regardless of external conditions and changes in air pressure. An inexpensive atmospheric burner is quite suitable for heating a small steam room.
One- or two-stage.
Devices of the first type automatically turn the fuel supply on and off, while the second have an economical heating mode. There are also models with floating adjustment, which allow you to change the power of the equipment as smoothly as possible. The choice of a gas burner for a sauna stove depends in this case on the mode in which you plan to heat your steam room.
Exclusively gas or combined.
Gas burners are characterized by a relatively simple design and affordable price. However, they justify themselves only if there is an uninterrupted supply of fuel. Combination type burners are designed to work with natural and liquefied gas, as well as diesel fuel. The latter option is especially good for large baths, as it provides quick heating of rooms of any size.

High-quality and safe heating: choosing a gas burner for the stove

Gas burners, also called burners, are key design elements of any gas furnace.

The task of such a device is to create a mixture of fuel , in this case natural gas, and air in order to maintain the combustion process in the heating device.

Construction of gas burners

There are two types of similar products:

The first is called atmospheric.

Such devices operate by absorbing air and at the same time have a simple design.

The nozzles do not require automation or various additional devices; it is only sufficient to ensure good air circulation in the room where the stove is located.

The design of such a device may also include detectors to measure oxygen levels to prevent dangerous situations caused by low oxygen levels.

It is believed that atmospheric devices have a relatively low power , but it is quite sufficient for heating medium-sized rooms. You can also note the simplicity of the design of such units, their noiselessness and compactness.

In turn, supercharged or blowing devices have a more complex design. The basis of the operation of such devices is the forced supply of air into the oven chamber to form a mixture on the basis of which the oven operates. Due to this mechanism, the correct ratios in the mixture are achieved.

Photo 1. A gas forced-air burner provides forced air supply into the furnace chamber, where a mixture for work is formed.

The devices are safe , since the processes take place in a confined space. They also have high efficiency rates and are more environmentally friendly devices than atmospheric burners.

Reference! If we are talking about atmospheric units, then the boilers will have open combustion chambers. In forced-air boilers, boilers have closed chambers.

How to choose a good device?

The main characteristics of such products are:

When choosing a device, you need to keep the following factors in mind:

Simplicity of design. In this case, the cross-sections of the paths for the passage of gas must be the same and create minimal resistance to the gas.
Room size. For small rooms, an atmospheric device will be sufficient, but for larger rooms the power of such devices may not be enough.
Manufacturer of the product. Domestic and foreign (mostly products made in Germany are on the market) units have approximately the same cost, but some similar devices are designed for installation in specific types of stoves. For example, the domestic product AGG-15 is suitable for use only in stoves with a long channel for the fuel mixture.