Do-it-yourself Buleryan - the most efficient stove: design and diagram

Advantages and disadvantages of the oven

The big advantage of the stove is that the fuel for the boiler is firewood, which for the most part is easily accessible. Thanks to the built-in gas chamber, the oven heats up really quickly. And compared to a potbelly stove, the Buleryan has very little wood consumption. Approximately up to three loads of firewood per day, which is very economical.

Another advantage of the buleryan is the principle of operation and heating of the room with internal heated air emanating from it. This leads to a higher efficiency compared to stoves that heat the home by releasing heat from the entire surface. In addition, the stove has a compact size and a convenient door for storing firewood.

We can list some more obvious advantages of the buller - this is a large heated area of the room, and its uniform heating, while there is no soot and smoke in the living area.

The disadvantages of using buleryan are as follows. Often on the websites of manufacturers of long-burning stoves, they are silent about the fact that in order to quickly warm up a cold room (that is, to raise the temperature, for example, from five degrees to twenty degrees Celsius), a large amount of fuel is spent quite quickly in buleryans, and the firebox can burn out in thirty minutes with intense combustion.

Another disadvantage is that a fan must be placed behind the buleryan to disperse the hot air accumulating above it. Another disadvantage is the burning of dust from the boiler itself.

The Buleryan stove has compact dimensions and a convenient door for storing firewood.

Buleryan stove with water circuit

The photo shows that the tubes for air heating are welded and water is connected to them.

Until recently, autonomous heating had a local heating character. It distributed heat only in one room and could not be used in the bathroom, kitchen, or other small rooms. The situation changed after the Buleryan stove with a water circuit was created. When creating a furnace, you can use two options for connecting the water circuit. 1 - you can use all the air heating tubes and make the stove only for water heating. 2 - use only part of the pipes and thereby create combined heating of the room. You can also simply draw an additional contour. Furnaces with a water circuit have the following operating principle - they:

Connect to the water supply system;
They take water (for these purposes it is recommended to use steel tubes with a thickness of 6 mm or more) and heat it to high temperatures;
They pump water through the radiators, evenly distributing heat in all rooms of the house.

Important - Buleryan with a water circuit can also be used in those buildings that do not have access to a central water supply. For its autonomous operation you need:

Install the batteries and connect them to the stove;
Create a source of water supply (using hoses, a pump, a well or a well);
Ensure water is pumped through the batteries (using a pump and other devices).

Buleryan with a water circuit is installed in the following situations:

The house does not have access to a central heating system;
The building consists of several floors or rooms that cannot be heated with a conventional stove;
High heating costs and low prices for solid fuels in the region;
Constant problems with the central heating.

Important - the use of Buleryan with a water circuit is officially permitted

What should you consider before buying Buleryan with a water circuit?

The manufacturer always indicates the maximum power of the device. If you are offered a stove capable of heating an area of 200 square meters, divide its efficiency by 2. After all, you will not load the firebox to capacity twice a day. And its continuous use at maximum temperatures will accelerate equipment wear.

Remember that the high efficiency of buleryan is ensured by the ash pan and gate. Without them, the stove is simply not able to use the energy of wood gases. This means that it is almost no different from an ordinary potbelly stove. You will also need to insulate the chimney, because when the stove is lit, the gases have such a low temperature that they can settle on the surface of the chimney in the form of condensation.

Types of designs

There are the following designs of heating boilers of this type: fire - battery, butakof, buleryan Aqua.

In the first two types, air is pumped into the furnace for heating and released outside without the use of fans. Convection of air masses is ensured by the temperature difference at the points of entry and exit of air from the pipes. Up to four cubic meters of air per minute passes through the smallest standard model of the Buleryan stove.

An Aqua stove with a water circuit, where the heat exchanger is not air, but water, which circulates through the heat exchanger. More expensive than the classic one, since in order to ensure heating of the water in the system, you need to constantly keep the stove in the kindling mode, which leads to high fuel consumption.

Structure of the Buleryan furnace

Operating principle of the furnace

It is worth knowing why “Buleryan” is interesting, the operating principle of which we will now consider. You might think that this is just a metal barrel with built-in pipes.

Buller or bullerjan, uses the now again popular fuel saving technology. Namely, pyrolysis.

True, how correct it would be to call a buller pyrolysis is debatable. Often, a buller is called pyrolysis, although this is only partly true. Since in pyrolysis boilers, primary air usually passes through the fuel, from top to bottom. The draft is forced and, accordingly, the design and equipment are different. In itself, this is the process of wood decomposition under the influence of temperature. For volatile hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide and charcoal.

Video: Buleryan power calculation

Pyrolysis devices can be considered devices that burn pyrolysis gas in a secondary chamber. An isothermal process occurs in the primary chamber, with the release of heat and gases. Here we have similar processes, albeit not ideally executed. Therefore, I might have called our experimental subject a pyrolysis boiler, but I wouldn’t guarantee it one hundred percent and wouldn’t argue. Since combustion processes similar to those occurring in a buller partially occur in simple furnaces. It is located in the middle, between the potbelly stove and absolutely pyrolysis-oriented devices. The air is heated thanks to an impressive battery of pipe convectors. In which the air quickly warms up and circulates. Moreover, the room air is well mixed due to the speed with which it escapes from the exchangers.

Design, operating principle and main characteristics

The design of the buleryana provides for the presence of:

heat exchange pipes;
secondary cameras;
chimney pipe with regulator;
double back wall;
primary chambers;
ash pan;
blower;
power control knobs;
door handles;
loading door;
double front wall;
injector.

Any stove must have holes for the natural draft of combustion products to escape, therefore absolutely all types of stoves are not airtight and are equipped with a damper (smoke choke). Above the gate there is a buller economizer about two or three meters long, which has thermal insulation made of asbestos or basalt cardboard. The flue gas burns out in this important element of breneran.

The design of long-burning furnaces necessarily includes an ash pit, that is, a completely sealed box for combustion waste. Through a special hole above the ash pan, the air necessary for combustion enters the combustion chamber.

In addition, there is a special cutout above the oven door so that the glass of the window on it is blown by air currents, and soot does not collect on it for good visibility of the process inside.

The principle of operation of a buleryan is similar to that of a potbelly stove, but its efficiency is much higher. This is due to the fact that the firewood placed inside does not burn completely immediately, but slowly smolders. At the same time, air flows from inside the brenner evenly spread throughout the home, covering a large heat transfer area of the stove.

Heating diagram of a DIY Buleryan stove

Advantages of the Canadian Buleryan stove

The following arguments speak in favor of purchasing this equipment:

Ideal for heating residential buildings, greenhouses, garages, industrial and warehouse premises;
Easy to install and dismantle - for its installation, you only need free space and compliance with safety rules. If necessary, this device can be quickly moved to another room;
High efficiency - the Canadian Buleryan stove uses the energy of wood gases. It lights up once every 12 hours and requires much less fuel than a fireplace, potbelly stove or traditional stove;
Environmental friendliness - buleryan burns up to 95% of harmful gases. It maintains optimal air humidity, does not burn oxygen and produces almost no smoke (if the chimney is installed correctly).
Safety – Buleryan heating stoves do not become hot during operation. Unlike their counterparts, they are not capable of exploding, poisoning people with gas or setting fire to things in the room (the fire is isolated by a sealed door);
Simplicity - operation and maintenance of the stove takes a minimum amount of time and does not require much effort.

The Canadian Buleryan stove is completely autonomous. It does not require electricity, gas supply or a water source. It can be successfully used in any climate by adjusting the heating level using the built-in throttle and the required amount of fuel. The service life of this device is unlimited. Several thousand models have survived to this day, having worked for 40 years or more.

Main characteristics of the buller

tightness.
burning duration

After the first fire, the inside of the stove is covered with resin in the form of a shiny black slurry. To remove the resulting condensate from the chimney, it uses a special condensate drain.

One buleryan is designed to heat a room with an area of approximately twenty square meters. To start lighting the stove, paper and wood chips are used. Then, after about three minutes, you can already use dry small firewood, completely filling the inside of the heating system. Within twenty minutes, the room with an area of eighty square meters should be completely warmed up.

Oven operation and maintenance

Once a year, you need to clean the chimney so that the stove does not fill with smoke.
In order for the Breneran stove to work efficiently, it is necessary to comply with the operating conditions and properly maintain the heater.

Basic advice given by experts:

You can only heat with dry, finely chopped wood. Place paper or cardboard under them.
It is not recommended to preheat the oven for more than 30 minutes with the damper fully open. Breneran is designed for smoldering fuel, which can cause some of the thermal energy to escape.
After the wood has completely burned out, the stove switches to gasification mode. To do this, you need to close the gate and throttle.

If the potbelly stove fills with smoke, one of the following errors can be judged:

Low chimney height. Optimal performance is ensured by a pipe 5 meters high.
The slide valve is closed.
The smoke channel is clogged with soot. It needs to be cleaned. Preventive cleaning is carried out once a year.

Contamination of the furnace impairs its draft, which reduces heat transfer. For cleaning, you can seek help from specialists.

Determining the size of the buleryana stove

The size of the stove is of great importance. In the shortest, smallest buleryan (length - 455 mm, width - 620 mm, height - 555 mm), the firebox is correspondingly small, so not much firewood can be stored.

The fuel burns in such a miniature boiler from two to six hours. It depends on the type of wood, the quality of the firewood, and the thickness of the cutting. Accordingly, the area of the heated room will be small - this must be taken into account when choosing the size of the future buleryan.

Of course, for rooms with an area of more than twenty square meters, long-burning stoves with larger dimensions are designed. The average dimensions of a buleryan are: length – 835 mm, width – 436 mm, height – 640 mm. A large stove has the following parameters: 950 mm by 676 mm with a height of 1505 mm.

Frame of a homemade stove Buleryan

What is needed to make a boiler?

The power of the future air-heating heating unit is directly proportional to the volume of the heated room. That is, based on these parameters, it is necessary to calculate not the square footage of the room, but its cubic capacity. It's quite simple; you need to multiply the area of the room by its height. It is necessary to add 20% to the calculated result - these will be probable heat losses.

For example, we need to heat a room whose area is 40 m2 and 3 m high. The volume of such a structure is 120 m3 plus 20%, resulting in 144 m3. Thus, we need a device capable of heating a room of 150 m3. Factory-made units in this case must have a power of 9 kW and a combustion chamber volume of 74 liters. I would like to note that units with such parameters are the most popular, looking back at them, we will make Buleryan ourselves.

Buleryan do-it-yourself drawings and the most effective scheme:

The next step is collecting the necessary raw materials. In order to make an air-heating boiler you will need:

sheets of heat-resistant metal 4-6 mm thick;
pipes with a diameter of at least 5-7 cm, otherwise air circulation through narrow channels will be difficult;
a short piece of tube with a cross-section of 35 cm for the door. Can be made from a square pipe;
tubes with a cross-section of 10 cm for the smoke exhaust duct and 120 cm for the throttle body;
a pair of hinges for mounting the door;
several metal rods with a diameter of 3-5 mm to create handles for the damper and door;
asbestos cord to make the door airtight.

The tool will make the task easier. For work you need: grinder, drill, welding machine, measuring instruments, pipe bender. True, not everyone has a welding machine and a pipe cutter, but you can try to rent or borrow from friends.

Preparing tools and materials for work

To manufacture a long-burning boiler, a semi-automatic welding machine, a grinder and measuring tools, metal shears, a pipe bending tool , a small hammer must be used, and the following material is also required:

In a store or at a scrap metal shop, buy a piece of a large pipe having the following dimensions: diameter - five hundred millimeters, depth - six hundred and fifty millimeters, wall thickness - ten millimeters;
Metal sheet for the rear wall with a diameter of six hundred millimeters with a thickness of at least ten millimeters;
The soot chamber is in the form of a corner with dimensions of two hundred and fifty millimeters.

How does the Buleryan stove work?

The design of the Buleryan stove is a symbiosis of a long-burning solid fuel boiler and a potbelly stove. It consists of:

Fireboxes are cylindrical or teardrop-shaped;
Several (usually tubes bent in a sinusoidal direction. They are located inside the housing and protrude outward only 1/3 of their length. This heat exchanger design is the main feature of the stove and a source of pride for Canadians;
Round or square pipe, damper, chimney.

Design and principle of operation of the furnace

The operating principle of the Buleryan is based on the unique structure of the firebox, consisting of 3 compartments:

A steel grate with a thickness of 4-5 mm or more is installed in the lower part of the oven. This compartment is used for storing and burning fuel;
Its upper compartment is separated by a steel sheet with small holes, which improves air exchange. It contains special air injections, with the help of which the wood gas is completely burned;
The rest of the space is used as a secondary chamber in which the gases released during fuel combustion burn out.

Another important detail is the airtight door. It prevents heat loss and ensures the highest possible efficiency. Together with it, a pipe is mounted that performs the functions of a blower using a built-in rotary throttle.

Manufacturing instructions

First, a design drawing of the heating system is prepared, which can now be found and freely downloaded on the Internet.

The algorithm for manufacturing buleryan using available metal processing methods consists of the following steps:

The foundation for the future stove is being prepared.
An iron pipe for the chimney is welded, and it must be taken into account that the size of the minimum diameter of the air duct must be at least sixty millimeters. This is due to the ratio of heat capacity to viscosity of air.
A mount is prepared for the exhaust pipe , which is fixed with anchors to the wall.
is welded onto the prepared wide iron pipe;
The soot chamber is welded in the form of a metal corner as in the drawing;
Two round holes are made for the pipe , for exhaust from the main large pipe into the soot chamber.
A draft regulator is created in the pipe intended for exhaust. To do this, two small holes are cut in it, into which a piece of reinforcement is inserted. An iron valve in the shape of a crescent is welded to it. Outside the “body” of the buleryan, the emerging reinforcing pipe must be bent and made into the shape of a handle.
The grate for heating oil inside is welded from eighteenth fittings.
A gas chamber is made, for this purpose two afterburning nozzles are assembled. The upper part of the main chamber must be separated with a sheet of metal from the lower part, leaving a two-centimeter gap in front. In this gap along the edges of the iron sheet we weld two nozzles, which will also serve as the legs of the boiler.
The front part of the boiler base is welded with the same metal sheet as the back.
From above, around the main body of the future buller, iron sheets are welded in a semicircle. They will serve as side convection guns.
At the next stage, the rear gun deflectors are welded.
The front supporting frame of the future door is welded.
from a profile pipe .
The door is made of a heat-reflecting plate with a heat-resistant seal so that the door does not move during direct use.
The door handle must be welded in the center.
The blower regulator is welded into the ash box. It will be regulated by opening the door.

At this point, in principle, the stove can be considered ready for operation.

Do-it-yourself Buleryan stove assembly: diagrams and drawings

To assemble the stove you will need the following tools and materials :

Steel pipes with outer diameter from 50 to 60 mm.
Sheet steel with a thickness of 4 to 6 mm.
Pipe bending machine.
Welding machine.
Bulgarian.
Other tools (hammers, pipe wrenches, etc.).

Drawings and diagrams for making a Buleryan stove with your own hands are presented below:

Step-by-step guide to making a Buleryan stove:

Make bent pipe sections . To do this, take a pipe and cut it into equal pieces (about 1.2 m each). Then, using a pipe bending machine, these sections are bent into arcs with a radius of 225 mm. In the finished structure they will be located close to each other in a checkerboard pattern.
Frame installation . The resulting pipe sections are welded to create a symmetrical structure. A furnace tray is made from sheet iron and welded to the pipes. Then the space between the pipes is closed with steel strips of the appropriate width.
We make a chimney with a condensate drain . To do this, two pipes are welded together to form a T-shaped structure. Then a bottom is welded into one of the side pipes (this will be the lower part of the structure where the condensate will drain), and the second remains as is, it will serve as a chimney. A tap is installed below to drain condensed water. The rest of the time the tap must be closed. It is advisable to equip the outlet from the furnace with a rotating damper that covers ~3/4 of the chimney opening. This will make it possible to regulate the power of the stove, but will not completely block the chimney.
Installation of the front and rear walls, doors and vents . The front door should have a hole for loading fuel, and the back door should have a hole for the chimney. The oven door itself must be equipped with a heat-reflecting screen. This is a sheet of iron from the inside, which is connected to the door with metal supports. The door has a hole into which a blower is welded - a piece of pipe with a damper. To increase the tightness along the diameter of the door, a metal circle is welded into the front wall. This door is held on hinges.
A chimney is mounted to the outlet of the furnace .
Legs are assembled from leftover materials . The oven must be at a height of at least 30 cm so that air can flow normally through the convection pipes. Otherwise, the efficiency of the furnace will decrease.

Important: when making parts for the Buleryan stove, use cardboard patterns so as not to make mistakes with the dimensions.

A simplified version of creating a stove

You can create a buleriana from any available materials that can be found in the house: a wide pipe, fittings, and the like. A stove made from a gas cylinder is more economical than others, and is also easier to make with your own hands. Even the balloon form itself helps a lot.

However, the question arises: is it advisable to make the device yourself? Indeed, today, a very good ten or fifteen kW breneran can be bought for two hundred dollars.

But if you don’t have the materials needed for manufacturing in your house, you’ll have to order them and purchase individually quite large bent parts made of thick metal from repair shops, and this will cost a pretty penny and will cost much more.

Other general conditions

The distance from a regular wall should be at least one thousand millimeters.
If the wall is covered with fire-resistant plaster (for example, vermiculite) with a layer of at least twenty-five millimeters, then the buller can be moved eight hundred millimeters towards it.
Within a radius of one meter from the center of the firebox door there should be a fire-resistant flooring, in the form of steel one and a half millimeters thick on an asbestos cushion.
The extension of the stand beyond the contour of the stove is three hundred millimeters in all directions.
If the buller is certified by the fire department for operation without a stand, is equipped with standard non-removable fireproof legs and a catch pocket in front of the ash pit door, you can place it without a stand directly on laminate or marmoleum, excluding plank wood or plywood floors.

After installing the stove on the prepared base, a pre-made chimney is attached to it, and its readiness is tested by first heating using paper, wood chips and small pieces of wood.

If the firewood does not burn out quickly (at least five hours), and the fire in the stove burns slowly, evenly distributing heat in the room , then everything is in order - the buleryanka is ready for use. If the stove smokes, this means that there is no draft at all or that the design of the heating device is broken.

Blitz tips

In order to save money, it is better not to buy a ready-made chimney for the stove , but to weld it yourself according to the drawings from an ordinary black pipe about five meters long, attach it to the wall with anchors and simply insulate it.
To increase the temperature of the stove more slowly , you need to slightly close the damper (blower regulator).
To prevent the fire in the boiler from burning too much, firewood must be added gradually , and not the entire stack at once, while reducing the amount of oxygen inside by adjusting the blower.
You cannot use wet firewood, as it burns poorly and smokes heavily, clogging the smoker.
To quickly wipe off soot and soot from the surface of the fireproof glass window on the oven door , you just need to dip a rag in a solution with ash and wipe the glass with it.
In the future, it will be very convenient to use a poker with a triangular tip to scoop out soot from the ash pan of the buller.