What long-burning stoves are there and how to make a miracle stove with your own hands

The Slobozhanka stove, which provides long-term combustion, is a generalized concept; models differ in:

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Before looking for drawings for the Slobozhanka stove with your own hands, you need to thoroughly prepare. It is necessary to select materials for the structure:

Manufacturing

To be sure, you should look for drawings for assembling the stove yourself. Next you need to prepare the tool. To make a stove we will need:

• a welding machine and a set of electrodes depending on the thickness of the metal used;
• drill with a set of metal drills;
• grinder and several grinding and cutting discs;
• various small tools (hammer, chisel, tape measure, etc.).

The quantity and composition of the necessary materials for assembling the slobozhanka depends on the chosen air supply design and drawing.

Slobozhanka is an excellent choice for heating a small room. Cost-effectiveness, omnivorousness, reliability, low cost, simplicity of design—these are precisely the qualities that have always distinguished “our product” from products assembled abroad.

Necessary materials

Before looking for drawings for the Slobozhanka stove with your own hands, you need to thoroughly prepare. It is necessary to select materials for the structure:

• metal barrel or gas cylinder for the body;
• steel sheets;
• thick-walled pipe for air supply.

These are the main components that will become the frame of the hearth. At home, the easiest way to make a structure is with a central air supply system.

You will also need some tools for the job:

• crayons or marker;
• electric welding machine;
• chisel;
• grinder, scraping and cutting discs for metal;
• drill with metal drills;
• construction hammer.

Performance characteristics

The Slobozhanka stove has the following characteristics:

• Long-term combustion, and therefore the heat supply, is ensured for six to twelve hours, everything directly depends on the type of solid fuel used. For example, well-compacted sawdust smolders for up to twelve hours, and needles or cones for about six hours;
• The efficiency is about 90%, which ensures the production of thermal energy up to 16.00 kW/hour;
• The furnace operates on various solid types of energy carriers of plant origin, and some models operate on waste oil;

• Heating time at full load is about 12 hours;
• Various combustion chamber volumes. If you use a metal barrel for the body, then 200 liters. That is, you can choose the volume of the combustion chamber that best suits the conditions for heating rooms with different functional purposes and area;
• High degree of fire safety due to the absence of open flame and soft combustion, smoldering of fuel. This allows the use of heating devices of this type in greenhouses (plants can grow half a meter from the stove).

Advantages and disadvantages

The Slobozhanka stove has a high level of efficiency - it can reach 90%, but the remaining 10 will inevitably be lost when exiting through the chimney. The unit heats up in a short time, but also cools down quickly when the fuel stops burning. The design is as simple as possible and you will need a minimum of tools to make it yourself. There is also no need to purchase expensive equipment. That is why the stove has become popular for heating non-residential premises in summer cottages - assembly is carried out quickly, but the equipment is reliable.

The advantages also include mobility and cost-effectiveness. The stove can be easily moved to another place and you do not need to ask for outside help.

The fuel tank capacity is about 200 liters, and when fully loaded, heating will occur within 12 hours or a little less. It is also possible to additionally load the firebox without stopping the heating system.

The fuel tank capacity is about 200 liters, and when fully loaded, heating will occur within 12 hours or a little less

There is only one drawback of the equipment - if you use household waste or damp pine as fuel, you will have to periodically clean the pipeline from carbon deposits. If you ignore this fact and allow severe blockage, you will need to spend a lot of time for subsequent cleaning - the carbon deposits will stick tightly.

Making a furnace

First, the body for the Slobozhanka long-burning stove is assembled. The top of an empty gas cylinder or metal barrel is cut off, leaving a cylinder with a bottom. You can make a part from a steel sheet by connecting its sides. The structure is welded and connected to the bottom. The size of the housing depends on the dimensions of the oven itself. A round hole with a diameter of more than ten centimeters is cut out in the upper part of the sidewall for mounting the pipe. It must be carefully welded to the body. The second hole is cut in the center of the bottom. Its diameter must correspond to the dimensions of the pipe.

You can make such a stove yourself

After this, an air supply system to the fuel is designed. The thick-walled pipe is cut according to the height of the firebox. Grooves are made in its walls for free air movement. A round element is made from a steel sheet according to the diameter of the pipe. It is attached to the bottom of the air duct so that the hole on it can be closed and opened freely. This part will regulate the supply of oxygen to the part of the device where the firebox will be.

A steel sheet will also be needed to cut out a round part to fit the diameter of the main cylinder. You need to make a hole in the center of this sheet and insert the prepared pipe into it. Its ends should protrude outward by 25-30 centimeters.

How to make a Slobozhanka stove with a water circuit:

An inner pipe is placed in the outer structure. Holes are cut in the outer casing. Separately, two round parts are prepared from a steel rod. Their heads are sharpened. The distance between the inner and outer casings is equal to the length of the cylinders. Elements made of rods are inserted into the holes on the walls of the furnace and their heads are riveted with a hammer. All that remains is to make the lid. You need to cut a circle from a steel sheet with a diameter equal to the outer casing. The part must be welded to the top of the furnace.

The operating principle of the Slobozhanka stove is based on the upward movement of cold air flows, so it is raised above the floor by 20-30 cm. Four strong legs made of reinforcing rod are welded to the bottom of the structure. They also use a corner of such a width that there is room for oxygen circulation. It is better to make the chimney from fire-resistant sheet metal

The diameter of the part is at least 10 cm, this is important for air movement

Slobozhanka stove on sawdust:

When working with a welding machine and grinder, you must follow safety precautions, protecting your hands and face from sparks. The finished stove is used immediately after its manufacture.

What is the stove made of?

Long-burning Slobozhanka stove of a vertical device. It consists of one combustion chamber, into which fuel is loaded only from the top. In the lower part of the slobozhanka there is a hatch, which serves so that ash can be removed from the stove, which gives us easy maintenance of the stove. A casing is attached to the top of the combustion chamber, which serves to pass, heat and exhaust air back to heat the room. Slobozhanka is equipped with a special chimney. It serves to eject smoke outside. Slobozhanka’s drawings are not very difficult to find on the Internet; they are freely available. Manufacturers of such stoves do not make the characteristics of their product a secret. On the contrary, according to their reasoning, the Slobozhanka stove will be in demand among village residents, especially when they carefully study its structure and characteristics.

1. Drying – excess moisture is removed from the firewood. It is performed during the preparation process or in the firebox due to its heat.
2. Pyrolysis is the sublimation of volatile components, the decomposition of heavy components - resins and bitumen to volatiles. The fuel mass begins to carbonize, that is, char.
3. Combustion of pyrolysis gases upon reaching the flash point under the influence of high temperature and free oxygen. Carbon combustion begins when the temperature rises above 600 degrees.
4. After the combustion of volatile components and the bulk of carbon, reduction reactions begin - the release of carbon monoxide, free hydrogen and oxygen.

How and with what to drown Bubafonya

The beauty of this design is that it is easy to adapt to any fuel. In this “pristine” form, it is more suitable for firewood. But firewood can also be sprinkled with some kind of waste: wood chips, sawdust, sunflower or buckwheat husks, etc. The more fuel is compacted in the boiler, the longer the stove will burn, but at the same time, the level of combustible materials must be lower than the exit of the chimney opening.

If you are going to heat Bubafonya exclusively with sawdust, the thickness of the walls of the stove should be larger (at least 10 mm), as well as the size of the boiler - the density of sawdust is low, just like a rammer. There is no need to introduce any other design features. Unless you come up with a device for supplying fuel inside the firebox. Sawdust is not firewood, it can crumble.

To ensure that sawdust burns normally, before filling it into Bubafonya, insert a pipe or a shovel holder, pour sawdust around the pipe, and compact it. When all the fuel is in, remove the pipe. Now you can fire up and install the piston.

You can make the Bubafonya furnace work during mining. In order not to redo the structure, you place several broken refractory bricks and several whole standing ones on the bottom (the piston rests on them), and a “fuel line” is passed through the air supply pipe. You can use a pipe of smaller diameter for this purpose. Light a fire between the broken bricks and place a piston and lid on top of the whole ones.

Slobozhanka

The stove was named after the historical area where it was “born.” It is a full-fledged heating device with a hob.

According to the principle of operation, the Slobozhanka is similar to the Bubafone, but the air flow here is from the side. Next, it is pulled into the perforated casing located inside the housing and rises up. In this case, the fuel takes in as much air as is required for smoldering, and the excess moves on.

The air in the slobozhanka enters all the fuel layers, so the pyrolysis process occurs more actively, and the furnace operates more efficiently.

Slobozhanka stove review

It is worth noting that the Slobozhanka stove is the subject of a separate article, so this is exactly what we are talking about. This is a long-burning convection oven, which has several models with different parameters and purposes.

Slobozhanka stoves are designed for people with average incomes who need an effective and inexpensive heat source. They work on almost any fuel, but it must be of plant origin. For example, pine needles, cones, straw, sawdust. That is why this type of stove is very popular for those who heat household facilities.

Slobozhanka stove: characteristics

It is worth noting that the Slobozhanka stove has a simple design. Therefore, making it with your own hands will not be difficult for a person who knows how to work with a welding machine. The various models differ from each other only in the air supply system. And this does not depend on the ignition units and their presence, additional loading, the size of the combustion chamber and other elements.

In all models, air is supplied to the very bottom of the firebox, then it rises to the fuel combustion zone. The main difference is only in the channel design of the air distribution unit. With all this, air delivery and the design of the supply unit in the furnace determine the forms of upper combustion of the incoming fuel. The forms are as follows:

1. Slobozhanka stoves have top-side combustion, that is, the fuel burns from the top to the bottom of the firebox, but in the coal from the chimney.

2. Top-center combustion. This means that the fuel burns away from the fuel chamber, from the center to the very bottom.

Based on this, there are three main models of stoves that are used in everyday life:

The first type has a side air supply from the downward side of the firebox. This model has a pipe in the shape of the letter “L”, from where the air is distributed through the channel of the perforated screen into the combustion zone.

The second type has a central lower air supply, which is distributed from bottom to top. The center channel is located in the very center of the combustion chamber.

The third type of model has a lower side feed, which is distributed from the sides and then goes up the channel into the fuel combustion zone.

Typically the combustion process lasts about 8 hours. It is clear that firewood will smolder the longest and release energy. But straw or pine needles can only burn for about six hours. So it’s worth taking these features into account when heating the room.

Slobozhanka stove: application

Since the Slobozhanka model is a solid fuel and conventional stove, it usually burns for a long time and does not require special supervision. Since the appearance of the device does not meet the requirements of designers, this stove is most often used for utility or industrial premises.

It is worth considering that full heating can be in a room or building with a volume of no more than 100 cubic meters. Usually these are greenhouses, workshops, car service booths, workshops or garages. There is no need to clean such a stove often; it does not require special care at all, which often comes in handy.

In cases where uninterrupted operation of the device is necessary, you can add additional fuel and not worry about cleaning the compartment.

Greenhouse stove manufacturers

You can make a stove for a greenhouse yourself, or you can buy it in specialized stores, decide for yourself.

Currently, manufacturers offer many different options for greenhouse stoves:

1. Buleryan.
2. Butakov's stove.
3. Slobozhanka.
4. Vologda.

Let's consider these models in detail.

You can regulate the process of air supply into the combustion chamber using a damper. Thanks to it, you can increase or decrease the volume of oxygen supplied, which affects the final combustion rate.

Buleryan

People rarely choose such stoves for heating greenhouses, but these units guarantee long-term combustion of fuel and maintain a comfortable temperature.

Construction of the Buleryan furnace

Buleryan is a convection-type device in the form of a barrel with extended tubes, the fuel for which is firewood. It also contains:

• door for loading firewood;
• smoke damper;
• draft regulator

Externally, the Buleryan stove resembles a classic “potbelly stove”, but the principle of operation is different.

Heat exchange is carried out by:

• thermal radiation;
• heat transfer;
• convection.

In fact, it contains three devices that have different functional purposes:

• heater;
• bake;
• gas generator.

They function as follows: firewood smolders in the chamber, pyrolysis gas is produced and burned, thanks to this the process of heat transfer is carried out.

These furnaces were developed in Canada, and the German company has a patent for the production of such devices. In Russia, Buleryan is produced under the name Breneran; in terms of technical parameters, the Russian rebranding is no different from the original.

Despite the ease of use of such equipment, it has some disadvantages:

• are not equipped with regulators to adjust the temperature;
• not easy to install;
• their work must be constantly monitored.

Their price varies from 8,000 to 25,000 rubles.

Butakov stove

These are conventional stoves, named after the professor by whom they were developed.

The design of Professor Butakov's furnace

The furnace body is a parallelepiped, it contains air duct pipes and a two-chamber firebox. In addition, the device is equipped with:

• ash pan;
• flap;
• chimney.

The operating principle of this type of stove for greenhouses is absolutely identical to the Buleryan stove.

Price of such devices: 10,000 - 35,000 rubles.

Slobozhanka

Slobozhanka is characterized by high quality and efficiency. This type of stove is also called “super potbelly stoves”.

Slobozhanka stove

Structure:

• the combustion chamber;
• air supply and distribution channel;
• convection shirt.

In this stove, the ignition system is top-based; accordingly, logs are also loaded through the top; in addition, a special cylinder is used that exerts pressure on combustible materials.

There are three main types of these furnaces:

1. With an L-shaped pipe for lateral oxygen supply into the combustion chamber.
2. With air supply through the central part using a guide pitoid.
3. With air supply from the lower side part.

Regardless of how air is supplied to the combustion chamber, the heat exchange process will be carried out with maximum efficiency.

You can connect a water circuit to Slobozhanka and create a heating system with radiators.

Slobozhanka is a profitable solution for heating greenhouses, since various materials can be used as fuel, from firewood to pine cones.

Vologda

Furnace Vologda

This model of long-burning stoves for heating greenhouses has a number of advantages:

• high heat transfer;
• high efficiency 80 - 90%;
• it is necessary to lay firewood several times a day;
• low price.

If you choose such a stove, you will not need to monitor how it functions all the time. To supply the coolant, flexible hoses are used, which are attached to the back of the boiler and connected to the coolant tank. For the water to heat up to a temperature of 60°C, 30-40 minutes will be enough.

Cost: 4,000 - 6,000 rubles.

The Vologda brand manufacturer produces models that can simultaneously be used for heating both greenhouses and private houses; for this you will need to connect a water circuit and install radiators.

Infrared heaters and heating boilers can also be used to heat the greenhouse.

What is the secret of gas generating equipment

Many people know that there are long-burning heating units, but not everyone knows what they are. Therefore, before buying such a model, it does not hurt to find out basic information about it.

So, a stove operating on the long-burning principle is a heating unit capable of maintaining a comfortable room temperature for at least 4 hours. Its design features are designed for the most complete consumption of combustion energy of any fuel.

Such equipment has a fairly high efficiency, thanks to high-quality heat transfer. Long-term burning devices on the market are presented in three varieties:

1. Stoves and fireplaces
2. Potbelly stoves
3. Heat generators

The first, in addition to heating the room, are designed to allow the viewing of living flames. Their design will fit into any interior and can be made both in a classic antique look and in a modern one.

Potbelly stoves are the simplest of this class. They are a metal container equipped with a door for loading firewood. The stove has a built-in pipe that allows you to connect the unit to the chimney.

The third type of equipment is considered the most effective. Its feature is the ability to maintain a special combustion mode, which produces a gaseous product with a high specific heat capacity. For such models, efficiency can reach 80%.

Butakov stove

Convection ovens developed by Professor Butakov are widely represented on the market and can be used for heating greenhouses, although this option is also used quite rarely.

This heating equipment is produced by various manufacturers, including companies:

• Zubkevich is the developer of furnaces of this type;
• Termofor is one of the largest manufacturers, for which Zubkevich developed the model;
• Teplodar is a clone, although a very successful one;
• Convection.

Furnaces from different manufacturers have both their advantages and disadvantages. When purchasing, rely on expert recommendations and reviews.

The operating principle and functional purpose of this type of heating equipment fully corresponds to Buleryan stoves.

The stove body is a parallelepiped in which convective air pipes and a two-chamber firebox are located.

Also provided:

• ash pan;
• flap;
• chimney.

How to make a Slobozhanka oven yourself

Among the entire range of heating stoves, the Slobozhanka, a long-burning device, occupies a special place. This device is characterized not only by energy efficiency, but also by the relative cheapness of the fuel used, which can be almost any plant material. Even people ignorant of the construction craft can equip their household with such a device. It is enough to have the workpiece and working equipment with you.

Before you bring your idea to life with your own hands, you need to prepare. The required tools consist of the following items:

• hammer;
• drill or drilling machine;
• chisel;
• electric welding machine (automatic or semi-automatic);
• grinder, for which both cutting and cleaning discs are useful;
• any electrodes for general purpose welding.

The materials you need to have are: several parts of a pipe with thick walls, sheet steel in the form of two fragments with a thickness of 5 and 10 millimeters and a barrel (alternatively, you can take a gas cylinder or a steel cylinder).

Details about long-burning stoves

Slobozhanka stove is a concept that denotes a whole group of long-burning units. They all differ in three ways.

1. Firebox capacity.
2. The presence of a secondary ignition element in the design.
3. Method of supplying air to the firebox.

This variability does not negate the essence of such models: they all use a combustion system and are capable of extracting energy only from solid organic fuel. Methods for supplying oxygen to the furnace:

• welding a pipe in the shape of the letter “L” to the bottom of the combustion compartment;
• connecting the channel directly in the center of the bottom of the tank (distribution also goes upward);
• pipe contact on the lower side section, which ensures excellent heating of the tank walls.

The combustion process itself can be realized in two ways. The choice between them depends on the design parameters of the air distribution channel, the configuration of the delivery unit and the type of air supply system to the raw material splitting zone. There are 2 types of combustion (operating principles).

Step-by-step instructions for making a solar box oven with your own hands

1. We prepare the frame of the device, consisting of 40x40 mm bars (fastening element) and sheets of plywood (case walls).
2. We build a frame for glass.
3. We fix the finished frame to the stove frame using hinges.
4. We cover the inside of the future furnace with a metal roofing sheet using screws or nails.
5. We insert the glass into the finished frame, fixing it with glazing beads and treating it with silicone.
6. We fix the reflective panel with the same hinges on which the mirror or mirror tile is fixed.
7. We insulate the walls and base between the frame and the metal sheet with any heat-insulating material, for example, mineral wool, then cover everything with plywood.
8. We paint the inner part intended for cooking with dark, preferably black, heat-resistant, non-toxic paint.
9. We treat the outer part with an antiseptic.

Box ovens are very durable designs. The solar oven is ready for use. To prepare food, you need to place the dishes inside the structure, pointing the reflective panel at the glass. You can also use the following method for constructing a box oven:

1. We build a wooden box.
2. The inside of the box is lined with black compacted paper to maximize the absorption of solar radiation.
3. According to the perimeter of the box, we cut out tin reflectors of identical size, rounding the edges and sanding them with sandpaper.
4. We fix the tin reflectors at the top of the box using hinges, screws or other fasteners, bending them at the required angle, in order to accumulate and transfer solar heat to the box for cooking.
5. We are constructing a glass cover to convert ultraviolet radiation into thermal energy.
6. We place stones on the base of the finished stove - heat accumulators and temperature regulators.
7. If desired, install a thermometer.

A stove with a parabolic concentrate is made in the form of a concave mirror, while the sun's rays are absorbed by the focus. Basically, such a kitchen is used for preparing small amounts of food for a short time. The main drawback of such a stove is that the mirror surface is regularly turned towards the sun, which can cause burns to the mucous membranes of the eyes and hands. The combined design of a solar stove consists of a mirror-concentrator, including a number of flat mirrors, a pan thermally insulated with polyethylene. At the first stage, the housing for the solar ovens.

1. The base of the body is made of a plywood sheet, in the center of which a rod made of aluminum or steel about half a meter long is fixed. A thread is made at the end of the rod for screwing on the stand.
2. Grooves are cut for inserting plywood ribs.
3. To make walls with your own hands, take four plywood sheets in the shape of a rectangle, cut on one side with a curved arc, and on the side where they are attached to the edges of the body - with grooves.
4. The walls are glued to the base and secured with paper clips.

At the second stage, the mirror of the solar oven is prepared.

1. Solar stoves are made of compacted smooth cardboard in the form of triangles.
2. The triangles are laid overlapping and on the top of the ribs.
3. Cover the surface of the cardboard with aluminum foil.
4. The cooking stand is fixed at a point equal to half the radius of the resulting mirror.

The solar oven is ready. The most optimal material for the box is aluminum. Its advantages are high thermal conductivity and corrosion resistance.